项目申请书或文章常侧重对the objectives of a research proposal, and the variables to be measured or the treatments to be compared 的描述，而淡化了对the proposed experimental design and statistical analysis的描述，这样就让专家产生了疑问，”Is the experimental design sound?”，”Is the statistical technique to be used well explained and appropriate?”。另外，窗体统计软件的应用，同进产生了misapplication of statistical methods by the researchers with limited statistical backgrounds 和invalid interpretation of outputs from theanalysis 的问题。
研究中涉及到statistics的可以分为三个阶段：planning, experimentation and data analysis。所以下面将从三个方面作详细讲述。
Statistical Considerations in Initial Research Planning;
Experimental Design;
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data with General Statistical Resources and How to Use SAS for Data Analysis.
